While it is possible to convert to and from certain types with relative ease, like converting a char to an int and vice versa with type casting, it is not very straightforward to convert between other types, such as between certain primitive and reference types, like converting a String to an int, or one user-defined type to another. Java is a statically typed language, and as such has certain rules and constraints in regard to working with types. In programming, it is commonplace to convert certain data types to others in order to allow for the storing, processing, and exchanging of data between different modules, components, libraries, APIs, etc. A few reference types are already baked into the language and include String, as well as wrapper classes for all primitive types, like Integer for int and Boolean for boolean. The number of reference types is unlimited, as they are user-defined. Non-primitive types, also known as reference types, hold references to objects stored somewhere in memory. These built-in types describe variables that store single values of a predefined format and size. There are eight primitive types in Java: byte, short, int, long, float, double, boolean and char. Data types, or types for short, are divided into two categories: primitive and non-primitive. In Java, every variable has a data type and stores a value of that type. Variables are memory containers used to store information. Introduction to Data Types & Type Conversion
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